By Molly Mustafa, BSN, RN, IBCLC

Exploring the Bonding and Breastfeeding Benefits in the Postpartum Period

The first moments after birth are nothing short of magical, and they set the tone for a lifetime of connection, nourishment, and growth. Among the many practices that contribute to this sacred time, skin-to-skin contact stands out as a profoundly impactful approach to nurturing both mother and baby. Rooted in science and biology, this practice involves placing the newborn directly on the mother’s bare chest, creating an uninterrupted connection that fosters both emotional and physiological benefits. Let’s explore the myriad advantages of skin-to-skin contact, particularly in relation to breastfeeding, and delve into the fascinating journey of the nine instinctive phases that occur post-birth.

What Is Skin-to-Skin Contact?

Skin-to-skin contact refers to the practice of placing a newborn directly onto the mother’s chest immediately after birth. The baby is typically placed belly-down on the mother’s bare skin, often covered with a warm blanket to maintain body temperature. This intimate positioning promotes a deep sense of security and warmth for the newborn while activating the mother’s natural caregiving instincts.

This practice can begin as soon as the baby is delivered and continue throughout the postpartum period. Partners or other caregivers can also provide skin-to-skin time, though its initial impact is especially pronounced between mother and baby due to its role in facilitating breastfeeding.

The Benefits of Skin-to-Skin Contact

The advantages of skin-to-skin contact extend far beyond the emotional bond it fosters. Here are some of the key benefits for both mother and baby:

For Baby:

• Regulated body temperature: The mother’s body acts as a natural incubator, helping the baby maintain an optimal temperature.
• Stabilized heart rate and breathing: Physical proximity to the mother helps regulate the baby’s cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
• Reduced stress: Skin-to-skin contact lowers cortisol levels in the baby, reducing stress and promoting calmness.
• Facilitated breastfeeding: The close proximity encourages latching and suckling, helping to establish successful breastfeeding routines.
• Enhanced immunity: Exposure to the mother’s skin and microbiome supports the development of the baby’s immune system.

For Mother:

• Increased oxytocin levels: This “love hormone” supports bonding, reduces stress, and aids in uterine contractions to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
• Facilitated breastfeeding: Skin-to-skin contact helps initiate milk production and improves breastfeeding outcomes.
• Reduced postpartum depression: The emotional connection established through touch can help alleviate feelings of anxiety and depression.
• Boosted confidence: Holding and nurturing the baby skin-to-skin gives mothers a sense of competence in caring for their newborn.

The Nine Instinctive Phases After Birth

Babies are born with an incredible sequence of instinctive behaviors that unfold during the first hour of life. These phases, often referred to as the “Golden Hour,” are optimized by uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact. Here are the nine phases:

1. Birth Cry

The baby’s initial cry signals their transition from the womb to the outside world. This cry is not only a sign of life but also helps expand the lungs for the first breaths.

2. Relaxation

Following the birth cry, the baby enters a relaxation phase where there is minimal movement. This period allows both mother and baby to recover from the birthing process.

3. Awakening

The baby begins to open their eyes, move their head slightly, and show signs of waking. Skin-to-skin contact supports their sense of security during this exploratory phase.

4. Activity

This phase involves increased movement, such as rooting, sucking motions, and small hand gestures. The baby shows early cues of readiness to breastfeed.

5. Crawling

Amazingly, newborns exhibit a crawling reflex, inching their way toward the mother’s breast. This instinctive behavior is encouraged by the scent and warmth of the mother’s skin.

6. Resting

Frequent pauses for rest allow the baby to conserve energy and acclimate to their new environment.

7. Familiarization

The baby uses their hands to touch the mother’s breast and face, familiarizing themselves with their first source of nourishment. This phase is critical for bonding and recognizing the mother’s scent.

8. Suckling

The baby latches onto the breast and begins suckling. This natural progression is often smoother when supported by uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact.

9. Restful Sleep

After successfully feeding, the baby enters a state of deep and restful sleep. This phase marks the completion of the Golden Hour and the beginning of a strong bond between mother and baby.

This video from Global Health Media shows a great example of these steps in real life: https://globalhealthmedia.org/video/early-initiation-of-breastfeeding/  

How Skin-to-Skin Contact Supports Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding is a complex interplay of biology and emotional connection, and skin-to-skin contact acts as a catalyst for this process. By placing the baby directly on the mother’s chest, breastfeeding is often initiated more quickly and effectively. The warmth and scent of the mother stimulate the baby’s rooting reflex, paving the way for a successful latch. Additionally, the release of oxytocin during skin-to-skin moments enhances milk flow and establishes a robust milk supply.

Furthermore, frequent skin-to-skin sessions during the postpartum period help mothers overcome breastfeeding challenges, such as difficulties with latching or low milk production. It reassures both mother and baby, reducing stress and creating a calm environment for feeding.

Conclusion

Skin-to-skin contact is more than just a tender moment between mother and baby; it is a profound and transformative practice that lays the foundation for emotional bonding, physical well-being, and breastfeeding success. By understanding the nine instinctive phases after birth, parents and caregivers can fully appreciate the natural processes that unfold when a newborn is held close to their mother’s heart. Whether in the delicate first hour of life or during the postpartum period, these moments of closeness are priceless, nurturing not just a baby’s growth but also a mother’s confidence and joy in the journey of parenthood.